This book discusses the fundamentals as well as modern approaches of lung transplantation. It unfolds the innovative aspects of this subject which will be crucial for the progress of this field in the future. Lung transplantation is an extensive surgical procedure in which the diseased lung is partially or fully replaced by a healthy lung. The various types of lung transplants are lobe transplant, heart-lung transplant, double-lung transplant, etc. This text aims at providing readers the most important concepts, theories and applications related to this field. It studies, analyses and upholds pillars of lung transplantation and its utmost significance in modern times. This book consists of contributions made by international experts. It will prove to be a beneficial resource guide for readers.